Finding water in the desert is one of the most critical survival skills you can learn. Whether you’re stranded in the wilderness or preparing for an emergency, knowing how to find water could save your life. Deserts are harsh and unforgiving, but they do have water sources—if you know where to look. It’s not always easy, but by paying attention to the landscape and using some clever techniques, you can secure the hydration you need. Let’s explore ten ways you can locate water in the desert, where every drop counts.
1. Follow Animal Tracks
Animals instinctively know where to find water, and their tracks can lead you to a source. Look for fresh prints, especially those of birds, insects, and larger animals like deer. These creatures often travel to water sources at dawn or dusk, so following their paths at these times can be particularly helpful. Focus on valleys, ravines, and areas where tracks converge, as water is likely nearby.
2. Seek Out Low Terrain
Water flows downhill, so low-lying areas are a great place to start your search. Dry stream beds, valleys, and canyons often have hidden water reserves. Even if these areas seem dry on the surface, dig a bit deeper, as moisture can often be found just beneath the surface. Pay attention to where the vegetation is denser, which could indicate underground water sources.
3. Use Solar Stills
A solar still is a simple device that can help you collect water from the ground or plants. You’ll need a plastic sheet, a container, and some sunlight. Dig a small hole, place the container at the bottom, cover the hole with plastic, and weigh down the center with a rock. Condensation will form on the plastic and drip into the container, providing drinkable water over time.
4. Look for Morning Dew
Even in the desert, there is often a bit of moisture in the air overnight. In the early morning hours, dew can form on rocks, plants, and other surfaces. Use a cloth or sponge to collect this dew and squeeze it into a container. While this method won’t yield a large amount of water, every drop counts in a survival situation.
5. Find Water-Storing Plants
Certain plants in the desert have adapted to store water, which you can access in a pinch. Cacti, for example, are famous for their ability to hold water. The prickly pear cactus, in particular, is relatively safe to tap for hydration. Aloe vera and some types of agave are also good sources of moisture. Just make sure you know which plants are safe—some can be toxic.
6. Dig at the Base of Cliffs or Rock Outcrops
Water often accumulates or seeps near the base of cliffs or large rocks. Look for damp sand or mud in these areas, and dig down to uncover hidden water. Shaded areas are especially promising, as they lose less moisture to evaporation. Keep an eye out for cracks or crevices in the rock that might hold small amounts of water.
7. Listen for Birds
Birds, especially those that live in dry areas, can be great indicators of nearby water. They tend to gather around water sources in the early morning or late afternoon. Listen for their calls and follow their flight paths, as they often travel between nests and water. Areas where you see birds circling or landing frequently may lead you to water.
8. Search for Green Vegetation
Green vegetation in the desert is a good sign that water is present. Plants need water to survive, so clusters of greenery, particularly trees like cottonwoods and willows, often signal that water is near, either above ground or just below the surface. The roots of these trees often tap into underground water reserves that you can access by digging.
9. Collect Rainwater
Although rare, rain can occur even in the desert, and it’s crucial to be ready to collect as much of it as possible when it does. Carry a tarp or large plastic sheet to create a funnel into containers. Position these materials in the open to maximize the collection of water when storms hit. Storing water in sealed containers will also help you stay hydrated for days to come.
10. Find Natural Springs or Oases
While these are not common, natural springs or oases can be found in some desert environments. They are often located in the low parts of valleys or at the base of mountains. Look for signs of life—more abundant vegetation, insects, or animal tracks—and follow these clues to a possible spring. If you’re lucky enough to find one, it can provide a reliable source of fresh water.
